– Agrimonolide, a compound derived from isocoumarins and found mainly in the herb Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb, has significant biological activity. agrimonolide exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced activation of JAK-STATs and p38 MAPKs signaling pathways. Agrimonolide and its derivative, desmethyl agonolide, have been shown to be effective in increasing insulin-mediated glycogen levels in hepatocytes and may play a key role in regulating insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. agrimonolide exhibits inhibitory effects on cancer progression and induction of cell death and apoptosis by targeting SCD1 in ovarian cancer cells. In particular, Agrimonolide exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion of A2780 and SKOV-3 cells, while promoting apoptosis. The compound was also found to induce iron-mediated cell death while increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and total iron levels.Agrimonolide readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, suggesting its potential for therapeutic applications in neurological disorders.