– Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (Mw 47000, 98-99% hydrolyzed, ～1000 polymerization) is a polymer with a molecular weight of 47000 characterized by its hydrolyzed nature. The degree of hydrolysis refers to the conversion rate of acetate groups to hydroxyl groups in the original polyvinyl acetate. This specific PVA is produced through the polymerization of vinyl acetate followed by hydrolysis, which removes acetate groups to yield the final polyvinyl alcohol. Polyvinyl alcohol with varying degrees of hydrolysis can be used to form self-crosslinking freeze gels, serving as bio-adjuvants.