– Z-DNA Binding Protein 1 (ZBP1) is a protein with 2 DRADA repeats. ZBP1 is highly expressed in lymphatic tissues including lymph node, leukocytes, tonsil, bone marrow, and spleen. ZBP1 participates in the detection of viral and bacterial DNA from by the host’s innate immune system. It plays a role in host defense against tumors and pathogens. ZBP1 Acts as a cytoplasmic DNA sensor which, when activated, induces the recruitment of TBK1 and IRF3 to its C-terminal region and activates the downstream interferon regulatory factor (IRF) and NF-kappa B transcription factors, leading to type-I interferon production. ZBP1-induced NF-kappaB activation probably involves the recruitment of the RHIM containing kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3.