– DNA Fragmentation Factor Subunit Alpha (DFFA). DFFA exists as a heterodimer (DFF) with DFFB. DFF is activated once DFFA is cleaved by Caspase-3. The cleaved fragments of DFFA detach from DFFB (the active component of DFF), which in turn triggers DNA fragmentation as well as chromatin condensation during apoptosis. A reduced level of DFFA detected in ovarian endometriosis may be a part of an apoptosis-resistant mechanism enhancing the disease progression.